The tumor suppressor RASSF1A in human carcinogenesis: an update.

摘要: Summary. Loss of heterozygosity the small arm chromosome 3 is one most common alterations in human cancer. Most notably, a segment 3p21.3 frequently lost lung cancer and several other carcinomas. We others have identified novel Ras effector at this segment, which was termed Association Domain family 1 (RASSF1A) gene. RASSF1 consists two main variants (RASSF1A RASSF1C), are transcribed from distinct CpG island promoters. Aberrant methylation RASSF1A promoter region frequent epigenetic inactivation events detected leads to silencing RASSF1A. Hypermethylation commonly observed primary tumors including lung, breast, pancreas, kidney, liver, cervix, nasopharyngeal, prostate, thyroid cancers. Moreover, body fluids blood, urine, nipple aspirates, sputum bronchial alveolar lavages. Inactivation associated with an advanced tumor stage (e.g. bladder, brain, gastric tumors) poor prognosis sarcoma breast cancer). Detection aberrant may serve as diagnostic prognostic marker. The functional analyses reveal involvement apoptotic signaling, microtubule stabilization mitotic progression. suppressor act negative inhibiting cell growth inducing death. Thus, represent epigenetically inactivated bona fide carcinogenesis.