On the calculation of air‐sea fluxes of CO2 in the presence of temperature and salinity gradients

摘要: The presence of vertical temperature and salinity gradients in the upper ocean occurrence variations on time scales from hours to many years complicate calculation flux carbon dioxide (CO2) across sea surface. Temperature affect interfacial concentration aqueous CO2 primarily through their effect solubility with lesser effects related saturated vapor pressure relationship between fugacity partial pressure. profiles water column changes act partitioning carbonate system. Climatological calculations require attention variability limited validity assuming “constant chemistry” transforming measurements climatological values. Contrary some recent analysis, it is shown that fluxes a cool skin surface large ubiquitous. An opposing calculated warm layers near surface; this can be locally but will usually coincide periods low exchange. A salty anomalies also calculations, though these haline are generally weaker than thermal effects.