Effects of Full-Scale Beach Renovation on Fecal Indicator Levels in Shoreline Sand and Water

摘要: Recolonization of enterococci, at a non-point source beach known to contain high background levels bacteria, was studied after full-scale renovation project. The involved importation new exogenous sand, in addition infrastructure improvements. study's objectives were document changes sand and water quality evaluate the relative contribution different activities towards these changes. These addressed: by measuring enterococci fecal indicator bacteria (enterococci coliform) water, documenting sediment characteristics (mineralogy biofilm levels), estimating observable loads. Analysis on surface within depth cores significantly higher prior (6.3-72 CFU/g for each sampling day) when compared during (0.8-12 CFU/g) (P < 0.01). During process, frequently below detection limits (<0.1 CFU/g). For exceedances regulatory thresholds that would trigger advisory decreased 40% 90% coliform. Factors did not change between pre- post- included loads from animals (approx. 3 × 10(11) CFU per month). observed included: composition (64% versus 98% quartz, significant decrease levels) direct stormwater inputs (reduction Overall, this study supports contributed improved resulting 50% due upgrades infrastructure. Of interest mineralogy also coincided with levels. More work is needed relationships mineralogy, characteristics, retention sand.