Antimicrobial resistance in mollicutes: known and newly emerging mechanisms.

摘要: This review is devoted to the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in mollicutes (class Bacilli, subclass Mollicutes), smallest self-replicating bacteria, that can cause diseases plants, animals and humans, also contaminate cell cultures vaccine preparations. Research this area has been mainly based on ubiquitous mollicute main contaminant cultures, Acholeplasma laidlawii. The omics technologies applied other bacteria have yielded a complex picture responses antimicrobials, including their removal from cell, acquisition genes mutations potentially allow global reprogramming many cellular processes. provides brief summary well-known demonstrated several species and, more detail, novel revealed A. laidlawii, least explored vesicle-mediated transfer short RNAs with regulatory potency. We hope highlights new avenues for further studies antimicrobial these both basic science an application perspective infection control management clinical research/production settings.