Photon counting arrays for astrophysics

摘要: A compact system for counting and time-tagging single photons is presented, based on a monolithic array sensor of 60 pixels able to detect photons, namely the single-photon avalanche diode (SPADA). First, working principle performance detector pixel detailed, with particular attention paid integration. Then electronics needed quench each after ignition, active-quenching circuit (AQC) discussed, since features this quenching dramatically affect operating conditions detector, hence its actual performance. The discussion then focuses integration SPADA into Astrophysics applications such as adaptive optics, fast-transient imaging atmospheric layer sensing. whole necessary control temperature also described, together complete opto-mechanics used focus telescope pupil onto detector. Finall...