Modulation-Specific and Laminar-Dependent Effects of Acetylcholine on Visual Responses in the Rat Primary Visual Cortex

摘要: Acetylcholine (ACh) is secreted from cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain to regions throughout cerebral cortex, including primary visual cortex (V1), and influences neuronal activities across all six layers via a form of diffuse extrasynaptic modulation termed volume transmission. To understand this effect V1, we performed extracellular multi-point recordings responses drifting sinusoidal grating stimuli cortical V1 anesthetized rats examined modulatory effects topically administered ACh. ACh facilitated or suppressed individual cells with laminar bias: response suppression prevailed 2/3, whereas facilitation layer 5. on stimulus contrast-response function showed that changes gain upward downward cells, respectively. Next, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio grating-phase information were tested. The was calculated as F1/F0 ratio, which represents amount temporal at fundamental frequency (F1) relative mean evoked (F0). In improved S/N while it enhanced without any concurrent reduction ratio. These predominantly observed regular-spiking but not fast-spiking cells. Electrophysiological histological findings suggest promotes signaling higher-order areas by suppressive supragranular enhances feedback signals high subcortical facilitatory infragranular layers. Thus, distinctly finely controls processing manner specific for cell type also dependent.