Utilization of K-ras mutations identified in stool DNA for the early detection of colorectal cancer.

摘要: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in western world. About 60,000 Americans die colorectal each year. The annual incidence rate Israel 40 per 100,000 persons, namely a total 2,000 new cases An important step progression includes induction activating mutations proto-oncogene K-ras. K-ras appear early during tumorigenesis, at intermediate adenoma stage, and thus can be used as biomarker for detection about 40% colonic tumors. A large yet unknown number mutated cells are shed from developing tumor its progression. Indeed, were detected DNA isolated stool obtained symptomatic asymptomatic patients with cancer, suggesting novel approach noninvasive screening procedure. However, severe difficulties obtaining reproducible yields amplifiable stool, usage nonquantitative, time-consuming procedures, hampered further progress utilization cancer. Apparently protocol required that provides output small amounts detects if present, determines quantity sample. In addition, this should simple, robotics compatible, suitable cost-effective, large-scale mutation screening. Molecular assays detecting additional biomarkers promise to highly sensitive, specific, cost-effective. As such they very effective when chemoprevention studies protocols J. Cell. Biochem. Suppl. 34:35–39, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.