Discovery of hyperthermophilic microorganisms.

摘要: Publisher Summary A variety of hyperthermophilic Archaea and Bacteria have been isolated from water-containing terrestrial, subterranean, submarine high-temperature ecosystems. Hyperthermophiles grow fastest at temperatures between 80° 106°. In contrast to moderate thermophiles, they are unable propagate below about 60 °. Pyrolobus fumarii , the most extreme hyperthermophile, is even 90° exhibits highest growth temperature observed all 113°. very divergent, both in terms their phylogeny physiological biochemical properties. Because metabolic flexibility outstanding heat resistance, hyperthermophiles as interesting for basic research biotechnological applications. So far, mainly terrestrial marine areas, where form microbial communities. On land, natural biotopes such hot springs solfataric fields, with a wide range pH values (pH 0.5-9.0) usually low salinity (0.1-0.5%). Marine shallow hydrothermal systems, abyssal vents—black smokers—and active seamounts, Teahicya Macdonald Tahiti area, Polynesia. These characterized by high concentrations salt (about 3%) that slightly acidic alkaline 5.0-8.5).