Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are recruited to the colorectum and contribute to immune activation during pathogenic SIV infection in rhesus macaques.

摘要: In SIV/HIV infection, the gastrointestinal tissue dominates as an important site because of impact massive mucosal CD4 depletion and immune activation-induced pathology. Unlike AIDS-susceptible rhesus macaques, natural hosts do not progress to AIDS resolve activation earlier. Here, we examine role dendritic cells (DCs) in mediating disease progression. We demonstrate that plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) blood up-regulate β7-integrin are rapidly recruited colorectum after a pathogenic SIV infection macaques. These pDCs were capable producing proinflammatory cytokines primed T cytotoxic 1 response vitro. Consistent with up-regulation on pDCs, vivo blockade α4β7-integrin dampened pDC recruitment resulted reduced activation. The expression also was observed HIV-infected humans but chronically SIV-infected sooty mangabeys show low levels Our results uncover new mechanism by which influence colorectal immunodeficiency virus infections.