Combined Effects of Three High-Energy Charged Particle Beams Important for Space Flight on Brain, Behavioral and Cognitive Endpoints in B6D2F1 Female and Male Mice.

摘要: The radiation environment in deep space includes the galactic cosmic with different proportions of all naturally occurring ions from protons to uranium. Most experimental animal studies for assessing biological effects charged particles have involved acute dose delivery single and/or fractionated exposure protocols. Here, we assessed behavioral and cognitive performance female male C57BL/6J × DBA2/J F1 (B6D2F1) mice 2 months following rapidly delivered, sequential irradiation (1 GeV, 60%), 16O (250 MeV/n, 20%), 28Si (263 MeV/n, 20%) at 0, 25, 50, or 200 cGy 4-6 months age. Cortical BDNF, CD68, MAP-2 levels were analyzed 3 months after sham irradiation. During dark period, irradiated 50 cGy showed higher activity home cage than sham-irradiated mice. Mice also increased depressive behavior forced swim test. When was assessed, both sexes 25 cGy normal responses object recognition novel exploration. However, impaired 50 200 cGy. For cortical neurotrophic factor BDNF marker microglial activation there sex interactions. In females, but not males, CD68 reduced A significant positive correlation between observed, suggesting a role activated microglia alterations levels. Finally, beam impacted diversity composition gut microbiome. These included dose-dependent impacts relative abundance several genera, such as Butyricicoccus Lachnospiraceae. Thus, delivered proton, ion, ion significantly affects performance, sex-dependent fashion,