Origins and molecular pathology of ovarian cancer

摘要: Epithelial ovarian cancer comprises the majority of malignant tumors in adult women. These neoplasms are classified into distinct morphologic categories based on appearance epithelium serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, transitional, squamous, mixed and undifferentiated type. Current data indicate that each these histologic subtypes is associated with molecular genetic alterations: high-grade serous possibly endometrioid carcinomas most probably arise from surface epithelial inclusion glands TP53 mutations dysfunction BRCA1 and/or BRCA2; low-grade a stepwise fashion an adenoma–borderline tumor–carcinoma sequence typical to micropapillary borderline invasive carcinoma via activation RAS–RAF signaling pathway secondary KRAS BRAF; mucinous KRAS; endometriosis CTNNB1 (the gene encoding β-catenin) PTEN. Although strongly support origin cell endometriosis, there limited alterations uncommon tumors. Thus it likely low-grade, relatively indolent type pre-existing cystadenomas or whereas without easily identifiable precursor lesion.