Hypoxia-inducible aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) (HIF-1β): is it a rare exception?

摘要: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), also designated as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1β, plays a pivotal role in the adaptive responses to (micro-)environmental stresses such dioxin exposure and oxygen deprivation (hypoxia). ARNT belongs group of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-Per-ARNT-Sim (PAS) transcription factors, which act heterodimers. serves common binding partner for (AhR) well HIF-α subunits. proteins are regulated an oxygen-dependent manner, whereas is generally regarded constitutively expressed, meaning that neither arntmRNA nor protein level influenced by hypoxia (despite name HIF-1β). However, there emerging evidence tumor cells derived from different entities able upregulate ARNT, especially under low tension cell-specific manner. objective this review therefore highlight summarize current knowledge regarding hypoxia-dependent upregulation sharp contrast general point view described literature. Elucidating mechanism behind rare cellular attribute will help us gain new insights into HIF biology might provide strategies anticancer therapeutics. In conclusion, putative treatment effects on should be taken account while studying pathway. This step great importance when intended serve loading control or reference.