The extended regulatory networks of SXT/R391 integrative and conjugative elements and IncA/C conjugative plasmids.

摘要: Nowadays, healthcare systems are challenged by a major worldwide drug resistance crisis caused the massive and rapid dissemination of antibiotic genes associated emergence multidrug resistant pathogenic bacteria, in both clinical environmental settings. Conjugation is main driving force gene transfer among microorganisms. This mechanism horizontal mediates translocation large DNA fragments between two bacterial cells direct contact. Integrative conjugative elements (ICEs) SXT/R391 family (SRIs) IncA/C plasmids (ACPs) responsible for broad spectrum diverse species Enterobacteriaceae Vibrionaceae. The biology, diversity, prevalence distribution these families have been subject extensive studies past 15 years. Recently, transcriptional regulators that govern their through expression ICE- or plasmid-encoded described. Unrelated repressors control activation conjugation preventing related master activator complexes types elements, i.e., SetCD ICEs AcaCD plasmids. Finally, addition to activating plasmid-borne genes, activators shown specifically activate phylogenetically unrelated mobilizable genomic islands (MGIs) also disseminate other adaptive traits plethora pathogens such as Vibrio cholerae Salmonella enterica.