Vegetation Restoration and Other Actions to Enhance Wildlife in European Agricultural Landscapes

摘要: Intensive farming practices are a major cause of destruction and degradation natural vegetation throughout the world. However, in some regions including Europe, semi-natural farmland systems harbour wildlife conservation concern other values. We propose widespread strategic revegetation—a type restoration related to wildlife-friendly or land sharing with little competition for land—by planting woodland islets hedgerows ecological extensive agricultural landscapes. This approach allows enhancement, provision range ecosystem services, maintenance production, values linked cultural In contrast, by separation, namely secondary succession following abandonment tree planting, would provide all these benefits only at landscape regional scales as this is expense field-level production. Furthermore, seed dispersal from revegetated elements favours passive nearby abandoned and, consequently, rewilding. Revegetation riparian actions that do not compete use such introduction bird perches, refuges creation ponds similar benefits. roadsides roundabouts may support spread species but function traps wildlife. practioner’s perspective land-sharing central Spain. conclude practical projects—particularly revegetation- essential if we want halt biodiversity loss encourage return