Key rates for the grades and transformation ability of glioma: model simulations and clinical cases.

摘要: Tumor progression to higher grade is a fundamental property of cancer. The malignant advancement the pathological features may either develop during later stages cancer growth (natural evolution) or it necessitate new mutations molecular events that alter rates growth, dispersion, neovascularization (transformation). Here, we model and radiological grades 2-4 gliomas at times diagnosis death study development grades. We perform retrospective review clinical cases based on predictions. Simulations uncover two unusual patterns glioma progression, which are supported by cases: (1) some 2 3 lack ability grades, (2) evolve GBM in few weeks. All 13 recurred same carry IDH1-R132H ATRX mutation. (five five) tumors 1p/19q co-deleted, mutated wt. Furthermore, three seven both mutated. replicate good prognosis secondary GBM. results support hypothesis constant proliferation, angiogenesis prescribe natural evolution inability progress accrual change tumor's infiltrate, proliferate neovascularize transform into more aggressive tumor elevate its grade.