Neurotoxins from invertebrates as anticonvulsants: From basic research to therapeutic application ☆

摘要: Invertebrate venoms have attracted considerable interest as a potential source of bioactive substances, especially neurotoxins. These molecules proved to be extremely useful tools for the understanding synaptic transmission events, and they contributed design novel drugs treatment neurological disorders pain. In this context, epilepsy involves neuronal substrates, which are sites action many neurotoxins; may particularly antiepileptic drug (AED) research. Epilepsy is chronic disease whose consists controlling seizures with antiepileptics that very often induce strong undesirable side effects limit treatment. Here, we review vast, but yet unexplored, world neurotoxins from invertebrates used probes in pharmacological screening less toxic antiepileptics. We briefly (1) molecular basis epilepsy, well commonly anticonvulsants (we bring comprehensive elements invertebrate mostly studied neuroscience research development); (2) peptides conus snails; (3) polyamine toxins spiders wasps; (4) scorpions.