Pancreatic cancer risk and levels of trace elements

摘要: Background and Aims Knowledge on the aetiology of exocrine pancreatic cancer (EPC) is scant. The best established risk factor for EPC tobacco smoking. Among other carcinogens, contains cadmium, a metal previously associated with an increased EPC. This study evaluated association between concentrations trace elements in toenails risk. Methods included 118 cases 399 hospital controls from eastern Spain. Levels 12 were determined toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. OR 95% CI, adjusted potential confounders, calculated using logistic regression. Results Significantly risks observed among subjects whose cadmium (OR 3.58, CI 1.86 to 6.88; p trend =5×10 −6 ), arsenic 2.02, 1.08 3.78; =0.009) lead 6.26, 2.71 14.47; =3×10 −5 ) highest quartile. High selenium 0.05, 0.02 0.15; =8×10 −11 nickel 0.27, 0.12 0.59; =2×10 −4 inversely Conclusion Novel associations are reported lead, pancreas Furthermore, results confirm previous arsenic. These novel findings, if replicated independent studies, would point important role carcinogenesis.