Isolation, characterization, and biological effects of the first human retroviruses: the human T-lymphotropic retrovirus family.

摘要: The origins of viral oncology date back to the beginning this Century with report by Ellermann and Bang (1908) on induction leukemias in chickens using cell-free filtrates tissues from leukemic birds. Shortly thereafter, Rous (1911) obtained similar results a chicken sarcoma system and, addition, isolated first retrovirus. Subsequent progress identification tumor viruses was slow, however. In 1930s, evidence for role rabbit fibroma, papilloma, mouse mammary Carcinoma, frog kidney Carcinoma reported (see Gross 1983 review). Yet it not until 1950s, transmission leukemia (Gross 1951), that oncogenic came into their own. There followed discovery numerous agents, both DNA- RNA- containing, which were capable infecting diverse animal species. While we will be concerned here retroviruses, is appropriate mention at least DNA have been linked human malignancies before focusing detail RNA viruses. Among associated neoplasias are Epstein-Barr virus Burkitt’s lymphoma nasopharyngeal carcinoma; hepatitis B hepatocellular herpes simplex type II cervical papilloma carcinomas cervix bowels. These associations well known, although each case has yet shown sole etiological agent disease. What remains elucidated cofactors interact and/or infected hosts apparently influence viral-induced disease toward either relatively benign or else malignant course.