Intravenous nutrition for the pediatric patient.

摘要: Nutritional management of infants and children differs from that adults because the extra requirements for growth limitations physiological immaturity. Although parenteral nutrition (PN) is an accepted practice a potentially life-saving therapy pediatric patients who cannot be fed through their gastrointestinal tract, it associated with risk serious metabolic, mechanical, infectious complications. Candidates PN should selected according to well-defined indications, initial nutritional assessment careful attention given fluid, electrolyte, vitamin, trace element, caloric requirements. Total calories administered so nonprotein-calorie gram-nitrogen ratio in range 150 250:1. short-term supplemental support can peripheral vein, long-term total best delivered by central venous access. initiated monitored accordance well-established protocols. The lowest complication rate highest cost-effectiveness are achieved interdisciplinary team includes one or more nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, physicians. development safe, reliable, miniaturized intravenous pumps built-in monitors has made home possible desirable patients.