Epidemiology, Seasonality, and Burden of Influenza and Influenza-Like Illness in Urban and Rural Kenya, 2007–2010

摘要: BACKGROUND The epidemiology and burden of influenza remain poorly defined in sub-Saharan Africa. Since 2005, the Kenya Medical Research Institute Centers for Disease Control Prevention-Kenya have conducted population-based infectious disease surveillance Kibera, an urban informal settlement Nairobi, Lwak, a rural community western Kenya. METHODS Nasopharyngeal oropharyngeal swab specimens were obtained from patients who attended study clinic had acute lower respiratory tract (LRT) illness. Specimens tested virus by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. We adjusted incidence influenza-associated LRT illness to account with but not sampled. RESULTS From March 2007 through February 2010, 4140 cases evaluated collected 1197 (27%); 319 (27%) positive virus. In there 6733 illness, 1641 (24%); 359 (22%) crude rates medically 6.9 13.6 per 1000 person-years, respectively, 5.6 23.0 Lwak. both sites, highest among children <2 years old lowest adults ≥50 old. CONCLUSION Kenya, was high settings, particularly most vulnerable age groups.