Host Immune Response to Mosquito-Transmitted Chikungunya Virus Differs from That Elicited by Needle Inoculated Virus

摘要: Background Mosquito-borne diseases are a worldwide public health threat. Mosquitoes transmit viruses or parasites during feeding, along with salivary proteins that modulate host responses to facilitate both blood feeding and pathogen transmission. Understanding these earliest events in mosquito transmission of arboviruses by mosquitoes is essential for development assessment rational vaccine treatment strategies. In this report, we compared immune chikungunya virus (CHIKV) (1) bite, (2) needle inoculation. Methods Findings Differential cytokine expression was measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR, at sites uninfected bites, CHIKV-infected needle-inoculated CHIKV. Both CHIKV infected polarized response TH2 profile. Compared IL-4 induced were 150 fold 527.1 higher 3 hours post (hpf) 6 hpf, respectively. A significant suppression TH1 cytokines TLR-3 also observed. These differences may result from variation the composition saliva. Needle injected robust interferon-γ, no detectable IL-4, up-regulation TLR-3. Conclusions This report describes first analysis cutaneous mice bitten CHIKV–infected mosquitoes. Our data demonstrate contrasting activation infection bite inoculation. The role saliva highlighted.