A Scan for Positively Selected Genes in the Genomes of Humans and Chimpanzees

摘要: Since the divergence of humans and chimpanzees about 5 million years ago, these species have undergone a remarkable evolution with drastic in anatomy cognitive abilities. At molecular level, despite small overall magnitude DNA sequence divergence, we might expect such evolutionary changes to leave noticeable signature throughout genome. We here compare 13,731 annotated genes from their chimpanzee orthologs identify that show evidence positive selection. Many present selection tend be involved sensory perception or immune defenses. However, group strongest for also includes surprising number tumor suppression apoptosis, spermatogenesis. hypothesize some may driven by genomic conflict due apoptosis during Genes maximal expression brain little no selection, while testis enriched positively selected genes. on X chromosome an elevated tendency polymorphism data 20 Caucasian Americans 19 African 50 showing The analysis further supports presence excess high-frequency derived nonsynonymous mutations.