Non-invasive Integrated Sampling Design to Monitor the Wolf Population in Piemonte, Italian Alps

摘要: The natural return of the wolf (Canis lupus) in western Alps Italy and France at beginning 1990’s, after 70 years absence, is an important ecological social event. Regione Piemonte, course Progetto Lupo intensively monitored population over Piemonte territory from 1999 to 2010. We estimated four main parameters time (wolf size, number packs, distribution, eective size) order follow recolonization process Alps. An integrated sampling approach was designed collect data estimate simultaneously cost-eectively these parameters. This combined monitoring program allowed development specific management strategies for mitigation wolfhuman conflicts, given protected status alpine population. transboundary population, which dispersed Italy, France, Switzerland, now reaching Eastern Alps, has been considered a unique distinct entity by European Commission “Guidelines Population Level Management Plans large Carnivores”. Therefore, it should be managed as such boundaries, this cost-eective framework.