Estimating exposure to fine particulate matter emissions from vehicle traffic: Exposure misclassification and daily activity patterns in a large, sprawling region

摘要: Vehicle traffic is responsible for a significant portion of toxic air pollution in urban areas that has been linked to wide range adverse health outcomes. Most vehicle quality analyses used transportation planning and effect studies estimate exposure from the measured or modeled concentration an pollutant at person's home. This study evaluates fine particulate matter magnitude cause misclassification result not accounting population mobility during day large, sprawling region. We develop dynamic model by integrating activity-based travel demand, emission, dispersion models evaluate magnitude, components spatial patterns Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area. Overall, we find estimates increase 51% when accounted for. Errors are much larger suburban rural where underestimated while may be overestimated near high volume roadways core. Exposure work traveling account error. errors than prior studies, all which have focused on more compact regions. Since many people spend large part their away homes emissions known create "hotspots" along roadways, home-based unlikely robust estimator actual exposure. Accounting emission reveal effective mitigation strategies, important differences between groups with different patterns, reduce studies.