Brown rot on nuts of Castanea sativa Mill: an emerging disease and its causal agent

摘要: Abstract: The quality and quantity of nut production are fundamental to the economic viability chestnut cultivation, yet recent reports indicate that severe damage due moulds represents a significant problem for growers. We carried out an investigation agents rot internal fruit in three orchards Italy. Black brown rot, as well insect damage, were found all areas examined. Brown appeared be main cause affecting 8% 49% 2% 24% nuts collected from ground burrs, respectively. With respect morphology DNA sequencing analyses, fungal isolates obtained homologous with Gnomoniopsis sp. Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Yasumatsu) galls castanea smithogilvyi described on Italy Australia, same fungus was also isolated bark one- two-years-old healthy shoots at each site, supporting endophytic behaviour this agent. symptoms associated corresponded those previously by several authors referred Phoma or Phomopsis endogena, suggesting relationship between these fungi It is notice escalation followed periods drought probably invasion D. kuriphilus, both stress factors trees.