Somatic seed in conifer biotechnology - a viable alternative to natural seed?

摘要: There should be cogent reasons for wishing to replace natural seed with somatic or synthetic seed, especially in the Coniferophyta where orthodox that can survive desiccated state prevails. The nucleus of artificial is embryo, and cost this type will related efficiency embryo production viability seed. At present there are three major obstacles: conversion frequencies mature, embryos plantlets low; responsive cell lines require cryostorage as they tend lose their embryogenic potential rapidly; survival germination encapsulated low. Therefore, it not anticipated ever find use on-site reforestation. Gymnosperms outcrossing, most common method mass propagation via clonal seed-orchard production. In contrast some species, conifer needed developing varieties overcoming genetic barriers, such autotetraploidy, but rather allowing clones tested then rapidly propagated, complementing rooted cuttings. Somatic remains a poor analogue terms viability, handling storage. More basic comparative biochemical physiological research understand differences response between zygotic so determine whether behaving like recalcitrant and/or an isolated vitro.