作者: Jun Yokota , Kouya Shiraishi , Takashi Kohno
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-380890-5.00002-8
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摘要: Lung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, and cigarette smoking major environmental factor for its development. To elucidate genetic differences in susceptibility to lung among individuals, factors involved tobacco-induced cancers have been extensively investigated a number polymorphisms identified date as candidates. Most are genes encoding proteins associated with activity metabolize tobacco smoke carcinogens suppress mutations induced by those carcinogens, functional significances elucidated some these polymorphisms. However, significance contribution development still remains unclear. Recently, several novel genes, including on chromosomes 5p15.33, 6p21, 15q24-25.1, large-scale genome-wide association (GWA) studies. The 15q25 region contains three nicotine acetylcholine receptor subunit their also reported being dependence. 5p15.33 risks specifically adenocarcinoma, commonest histological type weakly smoking. This locus has shown be wide variety cancers, adenocarcinoma. Associations 6q21 not consistently replicated 6q23-25 13q31.3 regions were recent GWA studies risk cancer, particularly never-smokers. contributions five loci overall seem small. There molecular pathways adenocarcinomas, unclear, especially In addition, geographic well gender indicated. Furthermore, various candidate gene reevaluated together same population. Therefore, further will necessary assess individual based combination multiple establish way evaluating prevention.