Immune-checkpoint blockade and active immunotherapy for glioma.

摘要: Cancer immunotherapy has made tremendous progress, including promising results in patients with malignant gliomas. Nonetheless, the immunological microenvironment of brain and tumors arising therein is still believed to be suboptimal for sufficient antitumor immune responses a variety reasons, operation “immune-checkpoint” mechanisms. While these mechanisms prevent autoimmunity physiological conditions, tumors, actively employ evade from attacks. Development agents designed unblock checkpoint steps currently one most active areas cancer research. In this review, we summarize recent progresses field tumor immunology particular foci area immune-checkpoint development strategies. last decade, number specific monoclonal antibodies block have been developed show efficacy other cancers, such as melanoma. On hand, approaches, vaccines, shown encouraging outcomes. We believe that effective approaches should ultimately integrate those checkpoint-blockade enhance therapeutic approaches. With available, it going quite an exciting time field. The eventual success immunotherapies will dependent upon not only in-depth understanding behind but also collaboration teamwork novel trials address multiple layers challenges