Meninges: from protective membrane to stem cell niche

摘要: Meninges are a three tissue membrane primarily known as coverings of the brain. More in depth studies on meningeal function and ultrastructure have recently changed view meninges merely protective membrane. Accurate evaluation anatomical distribution CNS reveals that largely penetrate inside neural tissue. enter by projecting between structures, stroma choroid plexus form perivascular space (Virchow-Robin) every parenchymal vessel. Thus, may modulate most physiological pathological events throughout life. present since very early embryonic stages cortical development appear to be necessary for normal corticogenesis brain structures formation. In adulthood contribute homeostasis secreting several trophic factors including FGF2 SDF-1. Recently, first time, we identified presence stem cell population with differentiation potential meninges. addition, other groups further described injury responsive precursors. this review will give comprehensive their multiple roles context functional network We highlight current literature developmental feature role development. Moreover, elucidate properties adult CNS. Finally, emphasize recent evidences suggesting niche harbouring endogenous precursors can activated able reaction.