Availability, addiction and alternatives: Three criteria for assessing the impact of peak minerals on society

摘要: Abstract The concept of ‘peaks’ in the production natural resources has attracted attention area energy production, with concerns about ‘peak oil’ driving recent research and investment alternative sources energy. There are fundamental important differences between a peak oil peaks metalliferous minerals, but both cases changes from ‘easier less expensive’ early resource’s life to ‘difficult as time progresses. impacts this change circumstances require critical consideration governance national sub-national mineral endowments. This paper develops framework for evaluating changing patterns production. considers three criteria: availability resource (considering its geological characteristics geographical distribution); society’s addiction (its centrality criticality economic, social environmental systems); possibility finding alternatives (whether can be substituted or recovered). An initial assessment against these criteria provides an overview how might affect minerals Australia that have on Australian economy. Assessing will imperative future considerations regarding roles metals play service providers our systems. Additionally, analysis should prompt reassessment value beyond economic measures. Indicators derived inform strategies address – meeting challenges strong governance, realising opportunities proactive policy.