Circulating thyroid cancer biomarkers: Current limitations and future prospects.

摘要: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common malignancy of endocrine system. There has been a significant increase in its incidence over past two decades attributable mainly to use more sensitive diagnostic modalities. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology mainstay diagnosis benign disorders and malignancy. However, approximately 20% lesions cannot be adequately categorized as or malignant. In postoperative setting, monitoring thyroglobulin (Tg) levels employed for detection disease recurrence. Unfortunately, Tg antibodies are interfere with measurement this subset patients. Despite limitation, remains sole widely used biomarker clinical setting. an attempt bypass antibody interference, research focused on mRNA targets thought exclusively expressed cells. stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) have extensively studied both discerning between surveillance. results among reports inconsistent probably reflecting considerable differences methodology. Recently, microRNA (miRNA) being investigated potential biomarkers DTC. MiRNAs stable molecules theoretically not vulnerable during manipulation. Initial encouraging but large-scale studies warranted verify elucidate their application surveillance cancer. Several other novel targets, primarily mutations circulating cells, currently emerging promising biomarkers. Although interesting intriguing, data limited derive from small-scale specific patient cohorts. Further findings demonstrating value awaited anticipation.