AMEE Medical Education Guide No. 13: real patients, simulated patients and simulators in clinical examinations

摘要: In the assessment of clinical competence it is important to observe a candidate interacting with patient. The role patient in this encounter will vary depending upon level interaction expected between student and patient, whether physical signs are part presentation. Patients used examinations may be real or simulated by person who has undergone training order reproduce particular scenario. Models simulators, videotape audiotape computers also as substitutes. There continuum patients no have been extensively trained perform task: (1) 'real' presenting practice; (2) agreed take examination but unrehearsed; (3) rehearsed what them; (4) asked modify, for purpose examination, aspects their history o...