Astrocytic Gliomas: Characterization on a Molecular Genetic Basis

摘要: Astrocytic tumors are the most common primary human central nervous system tumors. Histopathological parameters have been employed to distinguish four grades of malignancy: pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade I), II), anaplastic III), and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM; WHO IV; Kleihues et al. 1993). While classical histopathological methods not able characterize pathogenic factors contributing tumor formation in brain, molecular analyses revealed frequent chromosomal alterations that may indicate specific genetic mechanisms. The involvement oncogenes suppressor genes neoplastic disorders has now firmly established (Bishop 1991; Marshall 1991). Several characteristic genomic identified astrocytic gliomas. Loss portions short arm chromosome 17 is observed II III GBM (El-Azouzi 1989; Fults James von Deimling 1992), while loss 10 amplification epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene essentially restricted (Libermann 1984; Bigner 1988; Fujimoto 1990; Watanabe 1992).