Carcinoma of the stomach: A review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, molecular genetics and chemoprevention

摘要: Carcinoma of the stomach is still second most common cause cancer death worldwide, although incidence and mortality have fallen dramatically over last 50 years in many regions. The gastric varies different parts world among various ethnic groups. Despite advances diagnosis treatment, 5-year survival rate only 20 per cent. Stomach can be classified into intestinal diffuse types based on epidemiological clinicopathological features. etiology multifactorial includes both dietary nondietary factors. major diet-related risk factors implicated development include high content nitrates salt intake. Accumulating evidence has role Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection pathogenesis cancer. a complex, multistep process involving multiple genetic epigenetic alterations oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, DNA repair cell cycle regulators, signaling molecules. A plausible program for prevention involves intake balanced diet containing fruits vegetables, improved sanitation hygiene, screening treatment H. infection, follow-up precancerous lesions. fact that plays an important offers scope nutritional chemoprevention. Animal models been extensively used to analyze stepwise evolution carcinogenesis test chemopreventive agents. Development multitargeted preventive therapeutic strategies challenge future.